Martin,+Kyle+S.,+Mark

Charles Dickens:
 * He was born in Landport, Hampshire in England during the new industrial era
 * His dad was a clerk in the navy pay office
 * In 1814 Dickens moved to London, and then to Chatham, where he received some education.
 * He worked in a blacking factory, Hungerford Market, London, while his family was in Marshalea debtor's prison in 1824
 * In 1824-27 Dickens studied at Wellington House Academy, London, and at Mr. Dawson's school in 1827.
 * From 1827 to 1828 he was a law office clerk, and then worked as a shorthand reporter at Doctor's Commons
 * He was in the 1830s a contributor to Monthly Magazine, and The Evening Chronicle and edited Bentley's Miscellany. In the 1840s Dickens founded Master Humphrey's Cloak and edited the London Daily News.
 * He married Catherine Hogart in 1836
 * Charles Dickens novels started appearing in the monthly instalments of Pickwick Papers
 * Oliver Twist is about the London underworld and hard years of the foundling Oliver Twist
 * Nicholas Nickelby is about a tale of young Nickleby's struggles to seek his fortune
 * David Copperfield is about a boy working in a factory using his own personal experiences
 * A Tale of Two Cities is about the French Revolution
 * He died on June 9, 1870

French Revolution

• France was one of the most wealthiest and powerful countries in 18th century Europe • France was divided into 3 estates or groups

o 1st estate was the Church o 2nd estate was the nobility o 3rd estate was everyone else (common people)

• The first and second estate did not have to pay taxes to the king and enjoyed many luxuries of life. The 3rd estate had to pay taxes to the king while the first two estates did not pay taxes to the king. • The third estate paid a land tax to the king, federal dues to nobles, and 10% of their income to the church • In 1788 an economic crisis arose in France because King Louis XVI was living extravagantly at the court of Versailles, and was funding for expensive wars overseas. The king was in a serious financial debt and the banks refused to give loans to their bankrupt government. • The third estate suffered a lot due to crop failures and bread shortages • This emergency caused the King to call the Estates General. The assembly had not been called in over 100 years. • The nobility said that each estate should discuss separately and each estate should cast one vote to decide what to do. • The third estate wanted everyone to talk about the problem together and vote by head. • After all the discussion the third estate called themselves their own national assembly and broke away. Some nobility and clergy supported them. • The National Assembly had demanded for reforms. Conflicts were raging in Paris. • King Louis XVI and his wife the queen were both guillotined. A sharp blade had cut off their heads. • On July 14, 1789 mobs attacked the Bastille a weapon warehouse and prison for enemies of the king (political). It caused an uprising in France. • The National Assembly proposed laws that abolished feudal dues and mandatory donation. They also stated that everyone had to pay taxes not only the third estate, • The National Assembly wrote a constitution that stated people’s rights to liberty, property, and security. • The French people still protested about the economic and financial chaos • In order to pay off the debt the Catholic Churches land was sold off to other places.

Works Cited "A Breif Biography." Dickens-literature.com. Web. 11 Jan. 2010. . Cody, David. "French Revolution." Www.victorianweb.org. 10 Aug. 2007. Web. 11 Jan. 2010. . Smitha, Frank E. "The French Revolution: Economic Conditions." Www.fsmitha.com. 2002. Web. 12 Jan. 2010. . "SAS." SAS. Web. 13 Jan. 2010. .